Metformin and Fat Loss: How Does it Work?
Metformin is a medication commonly prescribed to help control blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. However, research has also shown that it may have additional benefits, including promoting weight loss. In this blog, we'll explore how metformin works to promote fat loss and what the research says about its effectiveness.
How Does Metformin Work?
Metformin works by reducing the amount of glucose produced by the liver and increasing the sensitivity of cells to insulin, which helps improve the uptake of glucose by cells throughout the body. In addition to its effects on blood sugar levels, metformin has been shown to have a variety of other metabolic effects that can contribute to weight loss.
One way that metformin promotes fat loss is by reducing appetite. Research has shown that metformin can decrease levels of the hormone ghrelin, which is known to stimulate hunger. By reducing ghrelin levels, metformin may help people consume fewer calories and lose weight.
Metformin has also been shown to increase the body's ability to use stored fat for energy. This is because metformin increases the activity of an enzyme called AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which helps to break down fat for energy. By increasing the body's ability to use stored fat, metformin may help people lose weight more easily.
Finally, metformin has been shown to have a positive effect on gut bacteria. Research has shown that metformin can alter the composition of gut bacteria, leading to an increase in beneficial bacteria and a decrease in harmful bacteria. This change in gut bacteria may have an impact on weight loss by improving digestion and reducing inflammation.
Does Metformin Really Promote Fat Loss?
Several studies have shown that metformin can be effective in promoting weight loss in people with type 2 diabetes. For example, a study published in the journal Diabetes Care found that people with type 2 diabetes who took metformin for six months lost an average of 4.8 pounds (2.2 kg). Another study published in the journal Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism found that people with type 2 diabetes who took metformin for one year lost an average of 6.6 pounds (3 kg).
Research has also shown that metformin may be effective in promoting weight loss in people who do not have type 2 diabetes. For example, a study published in the journal Obesity Reviews found that metformin can promote weight loss in overweight and obese people who do not have diabetes. However, the amount of weight loss seen in this study was modest, with participants losing an average of 6.6 pounds (3 kg) over 12 weeks.
Side Effects of Metformin
While metformin is generally well tolerated, it can cause side effects in some people. The most common side effects of metformin include nausea, diarrhea, and stomach upset. These side effects usually go away over time as the body adjusts to the medication. In rare cases, metformin can cause more serious side effects, such as lactic acidosis, a buildup of lactic acid in the blood that can be life-threatening.
It's important to talk to your doctor before taking metformin, especially if you have a history of liver or kidney problems or are taking other medications. Your doctor can help determine whether metformin is a safe and effective option for you.
Wrapping up
Metformin is a medication commonly used to help control blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. However, research has shown that it may also be effective in promoting weight loss by reducing appetite, increasing the body's ability to use stored fat, and altering gut bacteria.
